the past simple and the present perfect

Past simple
We use the past simple to talk about actions that happened in the past, and have no link with the present.
Ex:
William Shakespeare was born at Stratford in 1564.
We use it also to express consecutive short actions in the past especially in narration.
N.B.
Some verbs in the past simple end in ED but some verbs are irregular; therefore, the past does not end in ED.
Rule:
Affirmative: Sub + V in the past + rest
Negative: Sub + did not + stem + rest
Interrogative: did+ Sub + stem+ rest
But, we say:
He was not ill (No did)
Was he here? (No did)
What did you do? Do is the main verb.
Present Perfect:
I/we/they/you have +past participle ex I have done my homework.
He/she/it has + past participle ex she has gone.
We usually use the present perfect to give new information:
Ex: …..
When we use the present perfect, there is a connection with now. The action is in the past but it has a result now:
Ex: He told me his name, but I have forgotten it ( I don’t remember it now).
We use the present perfect with just, already, and yet

We use he present perfect when we talk about periods which continues until now like (recently, in the last few days, so far, since breakfast) etc.
We also use the present perfect with periods around now like (today, this evening, this year) etc